AOBPreview originally published online on February 6, 2003
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Annals of Botany 91: 503-527, 2003
© 2003 Annals of Botany Company
REVIEW |
Na+ Tolerance and Na+ Transport in Higher Plants
1 Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing St, Cambridge CB2 3EA, UK
* For correspondence. Fax + 44 1223 333953, e-mail mat10{at}cam.ac.uk
Received: 1 July 2002; Returned for revision: 16 September 2002; Accepted: 17 December 2002 Published electronically: 6 February 2003
Tolerance to high soil [Na+] involves processes in many different parts of the plant, and is manifested in a wide range of specializations at disparate levels of organization, such as gross morphology, membrane transport, biochemistry and gene transcription. Multiple adaptations to high [Na+] operate concurrently within a particular plant, and mechanisms of tolerance show large taxonomic variation. These mechanisms can occur in all cells within the plant, or can occur in specific cell types, reflecting adaptations at two major levels of organization: those that confer tolerance to individual cells, and those that contribute to tolerance not of cells per se, but of the whole plant. Salt-tolerant cells can contribute to salt tolerance of plants; but we suggest that equally important in a wide range of conditions are processes involving the management of Na+ movements within the plant. These require specific cell types in specific locations within the plant catalysing transport in a coordinated manner. For further understanding of whole plant tolerance, we require more knowledge of cell-specific transport processes and the consequences of manipulation of transporters and signalling elements in specific cell types.
Key words: Review, sodium, salinity, ion transport, non-selective cation channels, long-distance transport.
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