Annals of Botany 89: 357-366, 2002
© 2002 Annals of Botany Company
Genetic Dissection of the Initiation of the Infection Process and Nodule Tissue Development in the RhizobiumPea (Pisum sativum L.) Symbiosis
1All-Russia Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology, Laboratory of Genetics of PlantMicrobe Interactions, Podbelsky chaussee 3, St-Petersburg, Pushkin 8, 196608, Russia and 2Oekologie des Bodens, RWTH Aachen, Worringer Weg 1, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
* For correspondence. Fax + 7 812 4704362, e-mail rifam{at}mail.rcom.ru
Received: 10 October 2001 Returned for revision: 20 November 2001; Accepted: 12 December 2001.
Twelve non-nodulating pea (Pisum sativum L.) mutants were studied to identify the blocks in nodule tissue development. In nine, the reason for the lack of infection thread (IT) development was studied; this had been characterized previously in the other three mutants. With respect to IT development, mutants in gene sym7 are interrupted at the stage of colonization of the pocket in the curled root hair (Crh phenotype), mutants in genes sym37 and sym38 are blocked at the stage of IT growth in the root hair cell (Ith phenotype) and mutants in gene sym34 at the stage of IT growth inside root cortex cells (Itr phenotype). With respect to nodule tissue development, mutants in genes sym7, sym14 and sym35 were shown to be blocked at the stage of cortical cell divisions (Ccd phenotype), mutants in gene sym34 are halted at the stage of nodule primordium (NP) development (Npd phenotype) and mutants in genes sym37 and sym38 are arrested at the stage of nodule meristem development (Nmd phenotype). Thus, the sequential functioning of the genes Sym37, Sym38 and the gene Sym34 apparently differs in the infection process and during nodule tissue development. Based on these data, a scheme is suggested for the sequential functioning of early pea symbiotic genes in the two developmental processes: infection and nodule tissue formation.
Key words: PeaRhizobium symbiosis, Pisum sativum L., root hair curling, infection thread, nodule primordium, nodule development, nodulation mutants, symbiotic genes.
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